We often hear about dog diseases and complications, such as arthritis, allergies, and worm infestations, but we rarely hear about a collapsed trachea.
So, what is a collapsing trachea, how can you tell if your dog has it, and what can you do about it?
Collapsing trachea
Also known as tracheal collapse, this condition results from a dog’s trachea or windpipe weakening, causing it to lose shape and integrity. The normal anatomy of the trachea is supposed to be circular, whereas a dog suffering from tracheal collapse has a flattened, oval-shaped one.
This makes breathing a task and makes it harder for air to pass into and out of the lungs. Tracheal collapse is widespread in smaller breeds of dogs like Chihuahuas, Pomeranians, Pugs, Shih Tzus, Maltese, Poodles, Yorkies, and other toy breeds. It can also affect larger breeds but at a lower rate than the former.
The predominant cause for tracheal collapse is attributed to genetics or heredity. However, other factors such as environmental factors, diet, and underlying conditions like obesity, Cushing’s disease, and respiratory illnesses can contribute to the condition.
Signs and symptoms
Signs or symptoms of the condition can include one or more of the following:
· Difficulty breathing
· Passing out
· Gagging when eating or drinking
· Unusual breathing sounds (wheezing)
· Abnormal breathing rhythm
· Dry, whooping cough
· Cough that is triggered or worsened by humid weather and pressure to the throat caused by the collar
· Easily exhausted
· Cyanosis or blue discoloration of the gums when exerting effort
· Secondary heart disease
Diagnosis
If you notice your dog exhibiting any of the signs and symptoms mentioned above, it is highly recommended that you consult your vet immediately.
Your vet will perform preliminary tests like urinalysis and CBC to rule out other issues causing your dog’s symptoms. A regular X-ray can usually confirm a collapsed trachea.
Other methods, such as Fluoroscopy, which is a type of x-ray that could show the result in real-time, much like that of ultrasound, and endoscopy,
wherein a tiny camera is attached to the end of a tube and inserted through the windpipe, can also be used to confirm the condition.
However, these methods require specialized equipment that may not be available in your regular vet office.
An echocardiogram can also be conducted to detect any problem with heart function since prolonged oxygen deprivation can harm the heart.
Treatment
If your dog is confirmed to have a collapsed trachea, you will be advised to replace its collar with a harness to relieve some pressure in its throat area. Owners are also advised to refrain from physically demanding activities and going out on hot days.
Mild to moderate scenarios can be treated with cough suppressants, bronchodilators, antispasmodics, and sedatives to help patients control their breathing and reduce anxiety. Severe cases would require surgery, in which stents or plastic rings are placed in the trachea to keep it open and maintain airflow.
Supportive treatment can include giving your dog supplements with MSM, glucosamine, and chondroitin. Reducing their weight could also help if they are overweight.
